Flying-machine.



No. 882,457. PATBNTBD MAR. 17, 1908.

- E. 8.. ERNST. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30, 1901.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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PATBNTED MAN. 17, 1808.

E'. 8. ERNST.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED APR.30,1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WWA/5885s I A'TTOHNE YS E. R. ERNST.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.so.19o7.

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W/TNESSES PATENTED MAR. 17, 1908.

Bymmfol A TTOHNE YS EMIL ROBERT ERNST, OF WARRENPOINT, NEW JERSEY.

FLYING-MACHINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 17, .1908.

Application filed. April 30, 1907. Serial N o. 371,058.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, EMIL ROBERT ERNST, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Warrenpoint, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Flying-Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to flying machines, and the object of the invention is toproduce a machine driven by mechanism having a special construction adapted to balance the forces of the motor for the driving mechan- 1 ism, so that the operation of the motor will not tend to throw the flying machine out of equilibrium.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more fully described hereinafter and particularly set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1v is a perspective showing the machine in operation; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the machine; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section; and Fig. 4 is an elevation illustrating the details of the driving mechanism.

Referring more particularly to the parts, l represents the body of the flying machine, which comprises a rectangular or box frame 2 formed of light bamboo bars or similar light material, said frame being provided with a coverin 3 ofvlight canvas, duck or similar materia This body 1 is formed with a tapered forward end 4 and a tapered rear end 5. The ends 4 and 5 are pyramidal in form, the base of the pyramid being the end of the boxlike body. The body 1 is open on its under side but has a continuous closed cover as indicated, and from the lower transverse bars or beams 6 of the frame, a car or basket 7 iS suspended, as shown.

At or near its middle horizontal plane, the body 1 is provided with transverse shafts 8 and 9, and the side walls of the body 1 are provided with large openings 10. The shafts 8 and 9 are disposed concentrically with respect to these openings, and just within the openings are provided with intake fans 11 whichl are adapted, when rotated, to draw the airin from outside and force it into the interior of the body. The shafts are driven in opposite directions by means of a motor 12. This motor consists of a cylinder 13, driving a piston 14 and constituting a gas engine, or similar prime mover. This piston 14 carries a cross head 15, to the ends of which connecting rods 1G and 17 are pivotally attached.

As indicated in F ig. 3, the cylinder 13 is disposed at the center of the body and low down therein. Connected with the cylinder lprovide inclined bars 18 which are united above by a yoke 19, and this yoke is formed with oppositely disposed stub 'shafts 20 and 21. On the stub shaft 20 there is rotatably mounted a gear wheel 22, and a corresponding gear wheel 23 is mounted on the stub shaft 21. These gear wheels are in mesh with each other, as shown, and the gear wheel 22 constitutes a crank disk to which the connecting rod 16 is pivotally attached. The connecting rod 17 is attached in the same manner to the gear wheel 23, so that this wheel constitutes a crank disk for this connectin rod'. The connecting rods are of the same ength, and arranged in the same position, so that when the engine is in operation, the gear wheels will be driven continuously in opposite directions, and at the same speed.

Rigid with the gear wheel 22 I provide a sprocket wheel '24, and over this sprocket wheel a sprocket chain 25 passes. This sprocket chain passes over a small sprocket wheel 26 on the shaft 8. A similar arrangement is ladopted for driving the shaft 9, comprising a sprocket wheel 27 rigid with the gear wheel 23, and drivin a sprocket wheel 28 on the shaft 9 throug a sprocket chain 29.

As indicated in Fig. 3, the fans 11 are all of similar construction, but the fans on the same side of the machine are of opposite pitch; likewise, the fans on the same shaft are of opposite pitch. ment, with the rotation of the shaft 8 in a clockwise direction, the air will be drawn in through the openings in the side walls of the machine and forced toward the center of the body. The shaft 9 will rotate'in an anti-clockwise direction, and will likewise draw the air-in through theopenings iny the From this arrange-l side walls adjacent to this shaft, and will force the air toward the center of the body. As the shafts rotate, at the same speed, and in opposite directions, there results a complete balancing of the forces.. The air which is drawn into the body in the manner described, can only find an exit by passing down through the open bottom of the body, and in this way there is developed a reaction or up ard .pressure on the cover or top wall, which tends to raise the machine, as will be Vreadily` understood.

I provide means for' advancing the ma` chine, for which purpose the forward end 4 is provided with an elongated horizontal bearing 3() for a pair of shafts 31 and 32. The shaft 32 is disposed within the shaft 3l, and projects/beyond the end of this shaft forwardly. The shaft 31 carries a propeller wheel 33, while the shaft 32 carries a similar wheel 34, the said wheels being of opposite pitch or character. The shaft 31, at its inner end, is provided with arigid pinion 35 which meshes with a driving gear wheel 36 disposed at thesriffht of the car, as shown in Fig. 3. The shaft 32 extends beyond this pinion 35, and is similarly provided with a rigid pinion 37 this pinion 37 meshes with a gear wheel 38 disposed at the left of the shaft` as shown in Fig. 3.

shafts are adapted to be driven in opposite directions by a motor 39, which operates on the same principle as the motor 12, that is, it comprises a cylinder 40 driving a piston 41, the said piston 41 being provided with a cross head 42. To the ends of this cross head connecting rods 43 and 44 attach, as indicated in Fig. 4. The connecting rod 43 is pivotally attached at its upper end to the gear wheel 38, so that this gear wheel constitutes a crank disk, as will be readily understood. The connecting rod 44 is similarly attached to the gear wheel 36. With this arrangement it is evident that when the motor 39 is in operation, the shafts 31 and 32 will be driven in opposite directions; hence it follows that at this point too, the forces of the driving engine are completely balanced so that there is no tendency to roc-k or 'tip the machine out of its condition of equilibrium.

In order to guide the machine, its rear end 5 is provided with a stern post 45 which is disposed in a vertical positron, and connected with the end 5 by suitable horizontal braces 46. To the stern post 45 therel is attached a vertically disposed rudder 47 hav ing a downwardly extending rudder post 48. To this rudder post a cross head 49 is attached, with which steering cords 50 and 51 connect. These cords extend forwardly and are guided over one of the frame bars 6, whence they extend downwardly into the basket 7 so as to enable the operator to con- These trol the rudder from`this point.y With this arrangement it is evident that the machine may be kept aloft and may be directed in' r I any direction desired.' I

Having thus described myl invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A flying machine having a body closed above having side Walls and open below, in combinatigvt. With mechanism for drawing air into tnet `interior of said body between said side walls, whereby an upper pressure is developed sustainin said'machine.

2. A ying machine aving a body closed above and open below, and having openings in the side Wall thereof,l andV fans at said openings adapted to draw air into the interior of said body, and'ge'nerating an up-y 'wardlpressure sustaining said' body.

flying machine having a body open below and having side walls with openings therein, fans disposed atsaid. openings andhaving .blades of a character 'adapted to 'force the incoming air toward the center of draw air into said body throughsaid openings, whereby an upward pressure is devel-.p voped under said covering, and meansfor driving said shafts.

5. A flying machine havinga body closed above and having openings in the side walls thereof, a pair of shafts respectively opposite said openings, fans carried by said shafts and adapted to draw air in through said openings whereby an upward pressure is devel-A oped, a motorv comprising a reciprocating cross head, and connecting rods connecting said cross head with said shafts and driving said shafts in opposite directions.

6. A flying machine having a body closed above and havin o posite openings in the side walls thereo shafts dis osed between said openings, fans carried y said shafts and a apted to draw air in through said openings into the interior of said body whereby an upward pressure is developed, a motor disposed between said shafts and having a reclprocating cross head, wheels mounted near said motor and connected to rotate in opposite directions, connecting rods connecting said cross head respectively with said in'g a reciprocating cross head, a pair of shafts, a pair of wheels, means connecting said wheels respectively with said shafts to I name to this specification in the presence of rotate said shafts in oppolsite directions, coni two subscribing witnesses. nectin rods res ectlve y connectnv said wheelsgwith said Iross head, and romllers EMIL ROBERT ERNST` .5 of o posite pitch carried respectivey by said i Witnesses:

sha ts. F. D. AMMEN,

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my EVERARD B. MARSHALL. 

